Welsh Place names

Many places in Wales have names which are made out of elements which describe the location or  the history of the area.
Some of these elements are listed below.

 

Element Meaning Example of use
aber estuary , confluence , stream  Aberystwyth SN5881 Llanaber SH6017
acer aceri , acrau  acre  Ddwy-acer SJ0364 Ty'n-yr-acrau SH5833
aderynadar  bird  Brynyradar ST1675 Craig yr Aderyn SH6406
adwy  gap , pass  Craig-adwy-wynt SJ1253 Nant Adwy'r-llan SH8546
ael  brow , edge  Ael-y-coryn SJ1633 Aelybryn SN5872
aelwyd  hearth  Aelwyd-uchaf SJ0974 Aelwyd Brys SH9250
Aeron  river in Cardiganshire  Aberaeron
afallen  apple-tree  Afallenchwerw SN9854 Dolafallen SN9566
afon  river  Afon-wen SJ1371 Glanrafon SN6790
allt hill, hillside, slope, wood (see gallt) Alltwen
allt , gallt elltydd , alltau  hillside , cliff , wood  Allt-mawr SO0746 Alltwalis SN4431
am  near , beside , around  Amlwch SH4493 Henllan Amgoed SN1820
Aman  river in Carmarthenshire  Cwmaman
amlwg  evident , visible , prominent  Brynamlwg SN2214 Grwnamlwg SJ1515
angell  offshoot , tributary , leg , wing , limb  Aberangell SH8410 Afon Angell SH8111
anner , annair  heifer  Cwm Penanner SH9146 Dolpenanner SH9168
ar  on , upon , over  Hendy-gwyn ar Daf SN2016 Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr SN1745
aran  high place  Mynydd aran
ardd, ard hill , height  Talardd SN4941 Pennard SS5688
argaeargaeau  dam, mill-dam , embankment  Rhydargaeau SN4326 Penyrargae SH3284
arglwydd-es  lord , lady  Waunarlwydd SS6095 Caer-arglwyddes SN6991
argoed  wood , grove  Argoed ST1799 Twyn-yr-argoed SO4207
arian silver  Carn yr arian SN9412 Fedw-arian SH9136
Armon  see Garmon  Betws garmom
arth bear  Aber-arth SN4763 Afon Arth SN4862
arw  rough (see garw)  Graig-arw
asgwrnesgyrn  bone  Mynydd yr Esgyrn SJ0818 Esgyrn SM9634
athro teacher , father confessor  Caeathro SH5061 Pant Yr Athro SN3613
aur gold  Bron-yr-aur SH7302 Llannerch-yr-aur SN8697
awel awelon  breeze  Morawel SN0843 Awelfryn SN4223
awel, (plural awelon) breeze Brynawel
b-  A word starting b may be a mutated form of a word starting p   
bach  small , little  Dre-fach SN5045 Cwm-bach Llechryd SO0254
bach bachau  nook , corner , bend in a river  Bachau SH4383 Eglwys-bach SH8070
bach, (plural bachau) (noun), nook, corner, bend
bachell bachell , bachellau  corner , nook , angle  Fachell SH9978 Fachell SH5466
Badarn see Padarn Llanbadarn
Bae bay Bae Colwyn
bala narrow land between two lakes , outlet of a lake  Bala SH9236 Brynbala SN5986
ban bannau  peak , beacon  Pen y Bannau SN7466 Rhydybannau SN5251
ban, (plural bannau) peak,crest, bare hill, beacon
banc bank , hill , slope  Bancyfelin SN3218 Pen-y-banc SN4037
bangor  (ecclesiastical) settlement enclosed within a wattled fence  Bangor SH5771 Bangor Teifi SN3840
banhadlen banadl, banal  broom  Cefn-banadl SN6462 Bronbanadl SN6469
banhadlog  broom patch  Maesbanadlog SN7067 Banhadlog SN9780
bannog  high , horned , turreted  Bron-Bannog SJ0352 Cefnbannog SJ0251
bant valley  
banw young pig  Blaen Cwm Banw SO0722 Nant-y-banw ST4097
bar top , summit  Crug-y-bar SN6537 Bryn-y-bar SH2875
barc field  
barcud kite , buzzard  Carreg y Barcud SM7724 Llwyn-y-barcud SN4109
barddbeirdd  bard  Llofft-y-bardd SN8953 Cwrtbrynbeirdd SN6618
bargod boundary (eaves)  Bargoed ST1499 Bargod Taf ST1098
batin , bating (see betin etc.)      
baw dirt  Pig y Baw SN0140 Bryn y Baw SJ1678
bedd, (plural beddau) grave Bedd gelert
Bedr Peter (saint)
bedwen bedw  birch  Craigyfedwen SH7576 Berthyfedwen SN3441
bedwlwyn birch grove  Bedwlwyn SJ2236 Bedwlwyncoch SN8823
beidr  lane , path  Penfeidr SN1750 Penyfeidr SM8726
beili yard  
beilibeiliau  bailey  Beili SN3827 Beili-glas SO3010
bela , bele marten , wild beast  Trebela ST4298 Clunbele SN3433
ben end, top Benllech
bendigaid  blessed  Llanfendigaid SH5605 Pontrhydfendigaid SN7366
Beris see Peris Llanberis
berllan orchard  
berth hedge, bush
berw rush of water  Berw-ddu SN9602 Berw-uchaf SH4671
betin , beting , bietin , bieting pared and burnt land  Cefn-betingau SN6601 Batingau SJ0658
betws  chapel of ease, oratory  Betws-y-coed
beudy cow-house  Beudiau SN5549 Beudy-mawr SH3133
bid quickset hedge  Carreg Fidwen SH6481 Twyn y Fidffawydd SO1102
blaen, (plural blaenau) head, summit, end, headwater, upland Blaenau Ffestiniog
blaidd wolf  Cae'r-blaidd SN5133 Castell-y-blaidd SO1279
blas mansion  
bod abode , dwelling  Bodedern SH3380 Meifod SJ1512
boeth hot  
bol , bola belly , swelling  Rhos-y-bol SH4288 Cors-y-bol SH3784
bon stock , stump , base  Bon-y-maen SS6895 Bon-yr-on SJ0646
boncyn hillock  
bont see pont Tal-y-bont
borfa pasture  
braenar , branarbrynar  fallow land  Mynydd Branar SH8771 Braenarauduon SN7246
braich ridge , arm  Pen-y-braich SJ0316 Braich Anelog SH1427
bran, (plural brain) crow Cwmbran
bras breision  big , fat , rich  Bryn-bras SH8543 Maen Bras SH9239
bre  hill  Pen-bre SN4201 Moelfre SH5186
bren  timber   
brenin king  Rhodiad-y-brenin SM7627 Plas y Brenin SH7157
brest  hill-breast  Brest Cwm-Llwyd SN7019 Brestbaily SN9838
brƒn brain  crow  Cwm-brƒn ST2995 Llanfihangel Nant Brƒn SN9434
brith mottled  
brith braith speckled; coarse  Brithdir SH7719 Pontllan-fraith ST1896
briw broken , shattered  Briwnant SH8402 Carn Briw SN0537
bro  region; vale , lowland  Llanbedr-y-fro ST0876 Rhyd-y-fro SN7105
bron hill-breast, hill-side Bronllys
brwyn rushes  
brwynen brwyn  rush  Brwynen SJ0321 Cwmbrwyn SN2512
brwynog  place of rushes , marsh  Brwynog SH7564 Brwynog SH3586
brych brech speckled  Brechfa SN5230 Llanfrechfa ST3193
bryn, (plural bryniau) hill Bryngwyn
bryncyn hillock  Bryncyn-felen SJ2019 Bryncyn-hydfa SH3847
buarth yard  
buches  milking-fold (herd)  Buches y Foelortho SJ0421 Fuches SN8489
budr  dirty , mucky  Nant Budr SH7435 Rhyd-fudr SN6567
bugail shepherd  
buwch buchod; (gwartheg)  cow; cattle  Cas-fuwch SN0229 Cwm y Fuwch SS9490
bwbach bogey , goblin  Allt y Bwbach SN4528 Bryn Bwbach SH6236
bwch buck  Castell-y-bwch ST2792 Craig-y-bwch SH6414
bwla bull  Nantybwla SN3821 Alltybwla SN2642
bwlch, (plural bylchau) pass, gap Bwlch-y-sarnau
bwll pit, pool  
bwrdd table  Bwrdd Arthur SH9667 Bwrdd y Rhyfel SJ1475
bwthyn  cottage   Bwthyn bach 
bychan little, small, lesser Morfa Bychan
byr ber short  Byrgoed SH9837 Byrgwm SO2303
caban cottage , cabin  Caban-coch SN9163 Caban SH3938
cadair, cader seat, stronghold Cadair Idris
cadarn  strong , powerful  Crucadarn SO0942 Twyn Cerrig-cadarn SN9438
Cadfan saint's name
cadno fox  Carreg Cadno SN8715 Clo Cadno SO1116
cadw preserve , spinney